Bibliography
Every number, and where it came from.
23 sources. Nothing on this site is cited that is not listed here, and every source listed here is cited somewhere. The build fails if that stops being true.
Three kinds of claim appear on this site, and they are labelled differently: measured (payroll data, official projections, task scoring), forecast (employer surveys and employer expectations, always marked), and editorial (the 0–3 scoring on each job profile, and the framing). Confusing the first two is the most common error in this field.
Where a source has a commercial interest — a governance vendor, a job board counting its own postings — the note says so, and the number is presented as directional.
The evidence base skews Anglophone and to high-income countries: the employment-effect study is US payroll data, the exposure index is global but calibrated on one national task taxonomy, and the advertisement analysis covers 27 countries.
Low- and middle-income labour markets are thinner here, and informal work barely appears at all — which matters, because that is where most of the world's employment is.
Peer-reviewed & working papers
Task-level measurement and observed employment effects.
3- Microsoft Research 2025 2025
Working with AI: Measuring the Applicability of Generative AI to Occupations
Microsoft Research (arXiv:2507.07935)
Classifies 200,000 anonymised Bing Copilot conversations against O*NET work activities. Measures capability overlap with work, not job loss.
Read the source → - ILO 2025 2025
Generative AI and Jobs: A Refined Global Index of Occupational Exposure
International Labour Organization
2,861 tasks scored across three LLMs plus expert review. Four exposure gradients; clerical work highest, physical work lowest.
Read the source → - Stanford 2026 2026
Canaries in the Coal Mine? Six Facts about the Recent Employment Effects of Artificial Intelligence (August 2026 revision)
Stanford Digital Economy Lab
ADP payroll microdata through June 2026. Young workers (22–25) in AI-exposed occupations sit 19% below their kept-pace path (15% at the July 2025 vintage); experienced workers show no comparable gap. Descriptive, not causal.
Read the source →
Employer & advertisement surveys
Large-scale expectations and hiring data. Forecasts, not outcomes.
2- WEF 2025 2025
Future of Jobs Report 2025
World Economic Forum
Survey of 1,000+ employers across 22 industry clusters, representing 14 million workers. Projections to 2030. Employer expectations, not observed outcomes.
Read the source → - PwC 2026 2026
2026 Global AI Jobs Barometer
PwC
Over one billion job advertisements in 27 countries. Splits occupations into professionalised, democratised and low-exposure tracks.
Read the source →
Official statistics
Government projections and wage data.
5- Canaries dashboard 2026
Canaries Dashboard — AI Economic Indicators
Stanford Digital Economy Lab with ADP Research
Monthly update of the Canaries results; the paper it extends is the August 2026 revision above.
Read the source → - Indeed Sep 2026 2026
US Labor Market Snapshot — September 2026
Indeed Hiring Lab
Job Postings Index 103.5 on 18 September 2026, +0.7% year on year — the first positive annual reading in almost four years.
Read the source → - BLS 2026 2026
Fastest growing occupations, 2025 and projected 2035
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
Official projections. Includes median annual wage, which is a current wage, not a projection.
Read the source → - BLS 2026 2026
Industry and occupational employment projections overview, 2024–34
BLS Monthly Labor Review
Read the source → - BLS 2026 2026
Occupational Outlook Handbook: Home Health and Personal Care Aides
US Bureau of Labor Statistics
About 760,500 openings a year projected, most from replacement rather than growth.
Read the source →
Institutional & vendor reports
Useful, but read the interest behind them — noted per source.
11- WEF 2025 2025
Future of Jobs Report 2025: the fastest growing and declining jobs
World Economic Forum
Read the source → - Indeed Sep 2026 2026
AI Exposure Isn’t Squeezing Advertised Pay in the US — It’s Boosting It
Indeed Hiring Lab
Advertised salary on millions of US postings. +46% in the most AI-exposed occupations since 2021 vs +25% in the least exposed; the premium widens with seniority and is negligible at entry level.
Read the source → - OECD 2026 2026
OECD Employment Outlook 2026: Geographic Disparities in Jobs and Incomes
OECD
OECD unemployment 4.9% in May 2026. Young university graduates face a rising unemployment risk — a trend the OECD notes began well before generative AI, which is why it is not attributed to AI here.
Read the source → - WEF 2026 2026
Four Futures for Jobs in the New Economy: AI and Talent in 2030
World Economic Forum
Scenarios, not projections: four plausible 2030 futures at the intersection of AI advancement and workforce readiness. Used here only for the uncertainty section.
Read the source → - McKinsey 2025 2025
Agents, robots, and us: Skill partnerships in the age of AI
McKinsey Global Institute
Technical potential, not a forecast: about 57% of US work hours could in theory be automated today (44% by agents, 13% by robots).
Read the source → - McKinsey 2025 2025
Workforce in motion: Skills and pathways to future jobs in the United States
McKinsey Global Institute
Occupations as bundles of interdependent activities; only about one in seven US workers has a direct skills pathway to a growing occupation.
Read the source → - LinkedIn 2026 2026
Jobs on the Rise 2026: the 25 fastest-growing roles in the US
LinkedIn, via ZDNET
Ranked by growth in member job postings, Jan 2023 – Jul 2025. Platform data, not a representative labour-market survey.
Read the source → - Exponent 2026 2026
What is a Forward Deployed Engineer? (hiring data compiled by Exponent)
Forward Deployed Engineer job board
Postings grew from 643 in April 2025 to 5,330 in April 2026. A job-board count of one title, not an O*NET occupation.
Read the source → - Resume Now 2026 2026
The top 10 “AI-proof” jobs that require uniquely human skills
Resume Now, via CNBC
Ranks occupations on six O*NET abilities: stamina, static strength, reaction time, spatial orientation, time sharing, problem sensitivity.
Read the source → - ACL 2026 2026
A New Era of Care: Beyond the Algorithm
Administration for Community Living
Expert interviews across the direct-care workforce. AI useful for documentation and scheduling; rejected as a substitute for physical assistance or relationships.
Read the source → - Axipro 2026 2026
EU companies hire seven people to build AI for every one hired to govern it
Axipro study, via GlobeNewswire
Vendor study of 3,519 AI-related postings across eight EU countries. Directionally useful; company has a commercial interest in governance hiring.
Read the source →
Journalism
Where the ranked lists and primary quotes are reported.
2- GeekWire 2025 2025
Microsoft study shows jobs most — and least — impacted by generative AI
GeekWire
Carries the ranked lists of most and least affected occupations, and the authors’ caveat that applicability is not displacement.
Read the source → - PwC 2026 2026
AI reshapes global labour market into two distinct paths, rewarding human skills
PwC press release
Read the source →
If a figure here is wrong, the fix is a data file.
Every chart series lives in one typed file with its source id attached, and every job profile is a folder holding a validated data file and a written note. A number cannot reach a chart without a reference, and a reference cannot exist without an entry on this page.